52 research outputs found

    Challenging norms of crisis communication and preparedness by listening to voices from the (dis)ability movement in Sweden

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    This paper presents the result of a survey study where representing members of the disability movement in Sweden have shared their experiences of living and acting during the first year of the Covid-19-pandemic. The aim was to identify crisis communication challenges and where additional communication material and methods are needed for supporting people in going from knowledge to taking action for achieving a higher level of crisis preparedness. The paper also includes a brief summary of a literature review of previous international research on disabilities and the Covid-19 pandemic. Three categories of crisis communication challenges were identified displaying a vulnerability in society and pointing towards several important knowledge gaps that ought to be addressed in order to achieve crisis preparedness among all people. The results indicate that there is a need for additional communication materials and methods that can be appropriated to individual needs, and dialogue methods between authorities and people in order to counteract normative assumptions in crisis communication aimed at different target groups

    A Scoping Review of Research Exploring Working Life Practices of People with Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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    There have been numerous research studies stating the fact that the pandemic affected people with disabilities’ working lives. Less research has been conducted on how people with disabilities coped with and learned from these challenges. This scoping review maps research conducted in the field of disability research and multidisciplinary research, published from the outbreak of the pandemic until October 31, 2022. The focus is on how people with disabilities adapted their working lives to the conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and what working practices and strategies they applied to manage the situation. From an extensive search in bibliographic databases, eight research articles were identified. The review results reveal both challenges and new openings for the working life of people with disabilities post-pandemic. Implications for future research are identified, addressing intersectionality, hybrid work environments, digital gaps and increased participation of people with disabilities in research

    Embryogenesis and Larval Biology of the Cold-WaterCoral Lophelia pertusa

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    Cold-water coral reefs form spectacular and highly diverse ecosystems in the deep sea but little is known about reproduction, and virtually nothing about the larval biology in these corals. This study is based on data from two locations of the North East Atlantic and documents the first observations of embryogenesis and larval development in Lophelia pertusa, the most common framework-building cold-water scleractinian. Embryos developed in a more or less organized radial cleavage pattern from ,160 mm large neutral or negatively buoyant eggs, to 120–270 mm long ciliated planulae. Embryogenesis was slow with cleavage occurring at intervals of 6–8 hours up to the 64-cell stage. Genetically characterized larvae were sexually derived, with maternal and paternal alleles present. Larvae were active swimmers (0.5 mm s21) initially residing in the upper part of the water column, with bottom probing behavior starting 3–5 weeks after fertilization. Nematocysts had developed by day 30, coinciding with peak bottom-probing behavior, and possibly an indication that larvae are fully competent to settle at this time. Planulae survived for eight weeks under laboratory conditions, and preliminary results indicate that these planulae are planktotrophic. The late onset of competency and larval longevity suggests a high dispersal potential. Understanding larval biology and behavior is of paramount importance for biophysical modeling of larval dispersal, which forms the basis for predictions of connectivity among populations

    The effect of local hydrodynamics on the spatial extent and morphology of cold-water coral habitats at Tisler Reef, Norway

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    This study demonstrates how cold-water coral morphology and habitat distribution are shaped by local hydrodynamics, using high-definition video from Tisler Reef, an inshore reef in Norway. A total of 334 video frames collected on the north-west (NW) and south-east (SE) side of the reef were investigated for Lophelia pertusa coral cover and morphology and for the cover of the associated sponges Mycale lingua and Geodia sp. Our results showed that the SE side was a better habitat for L. pertusa (including live and dead colonies). Low cover of Geodia sp. was found on both sides of Tisler Reef. In contrast, Mycale lingua had higher percentage cover, especially on the NW side of the reef. Bush-shaped colonies of L. pertusa with elongated branches were the most abundant coral morphology on Tisler Reef. The highest abundance and density of this morphology were found on the SE side of the reef, while a higher proportion of cauliflower-shaped corals with short branches were found on the NW side. The proportion of very small L. pertusa colonies was also significantly higher on the SE side of the reef. The patterns in coral spatial distribution and morphology were related to local hydrodynamics—there were more frequent periods of downwelling currents on the SE side—and to the availability of suitable settling substrates. These factors make the SE region of Tisler Reef more suitable for coral growth. Understanding the impact of local hydrodynamics on the spatial extent and morphology of coral, and their relation to associated organisms such as sponges, is key to understanding the past and future development of the reefVersión del editor3,87

    Rapport 1: Normkreativ krisberedskap : Ett forskningsprojekt med syftet att utveckla metoder som stÀrker allmÀnhetens beredskap inför och hantering av samhÀllskriser sÄsom pandemier

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    Den hĂ€r forskningsrapporten presenterar resultatet av en förstudie som genomförts inom ramen för projektet Normkreativ krisberedskap. Studien genomfördes under 2020–2021 med syftet att identifiera kommunikationsutmaningar under Covid-19-pandemin (och andra kriser) och inom vilka fĂ€lt vi behöver utveckla ytterligare metoder för att kommunicera med invĂ„narna för att fĂ„ dem att ta till sig och agera utifrĂ„n krisinformationen. En tidigare genomförd pilotstudie visade pĂ„ att det finns grupper i samhĂ€llet som Ă€r svĂ„rare att nĂ„ ut till och kommunicera med, sĂ„som ungdomar och unga vuxna samt personer med olika former av funktionsnedsĂ€ttningar som Ă€r beroende av extra stöd och hjĂ€lp utifall en krissituation uppstĂ„r. För att uppnĂ„ en god krisberedskap Ă€r det viktigt att alla mĂ€nniskor i ett samhĂ€lle Ă€r inkluderade och delaktiga och att kriskommunikation Ă€r utformad pĂ„ ett sĂ„dant sĂ€tt att alla förstĂ„r hur den ska tolkas och förstĂ„r hur rekommendationer kan anpassas till deras livssituationer.

    Rapport 1: Normkreativ krisberedskap : Ett forskningsprojekt med syftet att utveckla metoder som stÀrker allmÀnhetens beredskap inför och hantering av samhÀllskriser sÄsom pandemier

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    Den hĂ€r forskningsrapporten presenterar resultatet av en förstudie som genomförts inom ramen för projektet Normkreativ krisberedskap. Studien genomfördes under 2020–2021 med syftet att identifiera kommunikationsutmaningar under Covid-19-pandemin (och andra kriser) och inom vilka fĂ€lt vi behöver utveckla ytterligare metoder för att kommunicera med invĂ„narna för att fĂ„ dem att ta till sig och agera utifrĂ„n krisinformationen. En tidigare genomförd pilotstudie visade pĂ„ att det finns grupper i samhĂ€llet som Ă€r svĂ„rare att nĂ„ ut till och kommunicera med, sĂ„som ungdomar och unga vuxna samt personer med olika former av funktionsnedsĂ€ttningar som Ă€r beroende av extra stöd och hjĂ€lp utifall en krissituation uppstĂ„r. För att uppnĂ„ en god krisberedskap Ă€r det viktigt att alla mĂ€nniskor i ett samhĂ€lle Ă€r inkluderade och delaktiga och att kriskommunikation Ă€r utformad pĂ„ ett sĂ„dant sĂ€tt att alla förstĂ„r hur den ska tolkas och förstĂ„r hur rekommendationer kan anpassas till deras livssituationer.

    Design opportunities for future development of crisis communication technologies for marginalised groups – Co-designing with Swedish disability organisations

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    Purpose: The purpose is to firstly, provide an example of how voices of people with various disabilities (motor, visual, hearing, and neuropsychiatric impairments) can be listened to and involved in the initial phases of a co-design process (Discover, Define). Secondly, to present the outcome of the joint explorations as design opportunities pointing out directions for future development of crisis communication technologies supporting people with disabilities in building crisis preparedness. The study was conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: The study assumes a design research approach including a literature review, focus group interviews, a national online survey and collaborative (co-)design workshops involving crisis communicators and representatives of disability organisations in Sweden. The research- and design process was organised in line with the Double Diamond design process model consisting of the four phases: Discover, Define, Develop and Deliver, whereof the two first phases are addressed in this paper. Findings: The analysis of the survey data resulted in a series of challenges, which were presented to and evaluated by crisis communicators and representatives from the disability organisations at the workshops. Seven crisis communication challenges were identified, for example, the lack of understanding and knowledge of needs, conditions and what it means to build crisis preparedness for people with disabilities, the lack of and/or inability to develop digital competencies and the lack of social crisis preparedness. The challenges were translated into design opportunities to be used in the next step of the co-design process (Develop, Deliver). Originality/value: This research paper offers both a conceptual approach and empirical perspectives of design opportunities in crisis communication. To translate identified challenges into design opportunities starting with a “How Might We”, creates conditions for both researchers, designers and people with disabilities to jointly turn something complex, such as a crisis communication challenge, into something concrete to act upon. That is, their joint explorations do not stop by “knowing”, but also enable them to in the next step take action by developing potential solutions for crisis communication technologies for facing these challenges

    Rapport 1: Normkreativ krisberedskap : Ett forskningsprojekt med syftet att utveckla metoder som stÀrker allmÀnhetens beredskap inför och hantering av samhÀllskriser sÄsom pandemier

    No full text
    Den hĂ€r forskningsrapporten presenterar resultatet av en förstudie som genomförts inom ramen för projektet Normkreativ krisberedskap. Studien genomfördes under 2020–2021 med syftet att identifiera kommunikationsutmaningar under Covid-19-pandemin (och andra kriser) och inom vilka fĂ€lt vi behöver utveckla ytterligare metoder för att kommunicera med invĂ„narna för att fĂ„ dem att ta till sig och agera utifrĂ„n krisinformationen. En tidigare genomförd pilotstudie visade pĂ„ att det finns grupper i samhĂ€llet som Ă€r svĂ„rare att nĂ„ ut till och kommunicera med, sĂ„som ungdomar och unga vuxna samt personer med olika former av funktionsnedsĂ€ttningar som Ă€r beroende av extra stöd och hjĂ€lp utifall en krissituation uppstĂ„r. För att uppnĂ„ en god krisberedskap Ă€r det viktigt att alla mĂ€nniskor i ett samhĂ€lle Ă€r inkluderade och delaktiga och att kriskommunikation Ă€r utformad pĂ„ ett sĂ„dant sĂ€tt att alla förstĂ„r hur den ska tolkas och förstĂ„r hur rekommendationer kan anpassas till deras livssituationer. Metoder för datainsamling var fokusgruppsintervjuer med vĂ„ra samarbetspartners, webbenkĂ€ter som skickades ut till kriskommunikatörer i VĂ€stra Götalandsregionen och representanter för funktionshinderorganisationer och patientorganisationer. Totalt tre fokusgruppsintervjuer genomfördes med representanter frĂ„n vĂ„ra samarbetspartners: Frivilliga Resursgruppen KungĂ€lv (FRG) (tvĂ„ respondenter deltog), Myndigheten för samhĂ€llsskydd och beredskap (MSB) (tvĂ„ respondenter deltog) och Ale, Lilla Edet och Falköpings kommuner (tre respondenter deltog). Syftet med webbenkĂ€ten till kriskommunikatörerna var att skapa en bild av de utmaningar som de möter i sitt arbete med att hantera Covid-19-pandemin. Totalt 38 enkĂ€tsvar insamlades. Syftet med enkĂ€ten till representanter för funktionshinderorganisationer och patientorganisationer var att skapa en förstĂ„else för hur personer med olika funktionsnedsĂ€ttningar upplever sin situation under Covid-19-pandemin. Totalt 62 enkĂ€tsvar insamlades. De insamlade enkĂ€tsvaren analyserades genom en SWOT-analys (Styrkor, Svagheter, Möjligheter och Hot). I rapporten ingĂ„r Ă€ven översikt av relevant forskning pĂ„ omrĂ„det med fokus pĂ„ ungas samt personer med funktionsnedsĂ€ttning hantering av pandemin. Studien resulterade i sju sammanfattande kategorier av kommunikationsutmaningar som vi kan jobba vidare med i nĂ€sta steg av projektet: 1. Bristande förstĂ„else för och kunskap om behov, förutsĂ€ttningar och vad det innebĂ€r att skapa krisberedskap hos personer med funktionsnedsĂ€ttning. BĂ„de medlemmar (funktionsnedsatta) och personal (t ex pĂ„ assistansbolag) saknar kunskap om vad det innebĂ€r att skapa krisberedskap hos en person med funktionsnedsĂ€ttning. 2. Bristande och/eller oförmĂ„ga att utveckla digital kompetens. MĂ„nga av medlemmarna i funktionshinderorganisationer och patientorganisationer har lĂ„g digital kompetens och kan dĂ€rför inte delta i det offentliga samtalet och blir beroende av andrahandskĂ€llor frĂ„n t ex personal och anhöriga. 3. Bristande social krisberedskap. MĂ„nga medlemmar i funktionshinderorganisationer och patientorganisationer har drabbats av ensamhet och isolering under pandemin vilket leder till utsatthet och att de blir mindre sjĂ€lvstĂ€ndiga. 4. Bristande kommunikation med marginaliserade mĂ„lgrupper. Det har visat sig vara svĂ„rt att överbrygga sprĂ„kbarriĂ€rer och nĂ„ ut till mĂ„lgrupper som inte har svenska som modersmĂ„l och som lever i socialt utsatta miljöer. 5. SvĂ„righeter att nĂ„ ut till icke-digitala mĂ„lgrupper. DĂ„ mycket av kommunikationen sker via digitala kanaler Ă€r det svĂ„rt att hĂ„lla igĂ„ng en invĂ„nardialog med mĂ„lgrupper utan tillgĂ„ng till digitala medier. 6. Icke tillrĂ€ckligt anpassade budskap (till individ och lokala förutsĂ€ttningar). En icke lokal- och individanpassade kommunikation riskerar att skapa oengagemang och plantera en oförmĂ„ga att gĂ„ frĂ„n information till handling/agera dĂ„ invĂ„narna inte kĂ€nner igen sig i de nationella budskapen. 7. Bristande tillgĂ„ng till dialogmetoder för att skapa en förstĂ„else för mĂ„lgruppernas behov, situation, beteenden och förutsĂ€ttningar. Det saknas metoder och resurser för att skapa dialog med mĂ„lgrupper (t ex unga, Ă€ldre, personer med invandrarbakgrund, ensamma och isolerade personer, funktionsnedsatta) om deras behov, vad som ligger bakom deras beteenden och hur de vill bli kommunicerade med. Dessa utmaningar kommer att skapa grund för de designmöjligheter som vĂ„ra samarbetspartners och vi vĂ€ljer att gĂ„ vidare med. NĂ€sta steg i projektet Ă€r att sĂ€tta upp en designprocess som bestĂ„r av ett antal workshopar dĂ€r vi i samarbete med mĂ„lgrupperna undersöker designmöjligheterna och utvecklar alternativ pĂ„ lösningar. Resultatet av denna förstudie visar att det finns ett behov av att utveckla metoder för att skapa kriskommunikation som Ă€r mera lokalt- och individanpassad och som utgĂ„r frĂ„n mĂ„lgruppers olika förutsĂ€ttningar och livssituationer. FrĂ„gan Ă€r hur vi kan skapa en brygga mellan nationell kriskommunikation som sker i form av generella rĂ„d och individens specifika förutsĂ€ttningar och behov? Hur kan en sĂ„dan anpassningsbar tillika inkluderande kriskommunikation utformas? Vilken kompetens och vilka resurser behöver invĂ„narna sjĂ€lva för att kunna tolka och anpassa kommunikationen med mĂ„let att skapa en krisplan som fungerar i deras liv? Förstudien visar ocksĂ„ pĂ„ ett behov av metoder för att skapa dialog mellan kommun, myndigheter och invĂ„nare för att förstĂ„ hur olika  mĂ„lgrupper vill bli kommunicerade med och vilka budskapen som skapar relevans för dem

    Working life of people with disabilities during the Covid-19 pandemic : An interview study conducted in Sweden

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    This report presents the results from an interview study carried out as part of the research project "Working life during the Covid-19 pandemic: learning experiences, design opportunities and future working life for people with disabilities". The aims of the research project are, firstly, to investigate how people with various disabilities experienced and coped with their working lives during the Covid-19 pandemic,  and what tools and strategies they used to achieve social participation. Secondly, to explore how these learning experiences and insights can contribute to improving the conditions for vulnerable groups to participate in and contribute to working life. The report includes a large collection of opportunities and challenges faced by people with disabilities in their working lives during the pandemic. The experiences and stories shared by the 26 interviewees evoke many thoughts and reflections about remote working conditions, often in hybrid settings. Opportunities and challenges are identified in three themes: I) Social support, II) Work environment, and III) Technology, accessibility, and infrastructure. Above all, the report is forward-looking, and the insights presented provide input to the shaping of future working life in a post-pandemic world. It highlights what is required in terms of leadership, work environment, digital competencies, access to technology and infrastructure

    Covid-19 Pandemic Coping Strategies in a Complex Landscape of Crisis Communication : A Participatory Study with Disability Organisations in Sweden

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    The article challenges the notion that crisis communication is a matter of outreach of a single message communicated as “one voice” from official channels speaking to the public about how to prepare for and manage crisis situations. The Covid-19 pandemic has made it evident that the general public is accessing multiple channels for crisis information while the crisis situation, the rules and knowledge are constantly changing. An array of different voices, facts, (fake) news and recommendations are channeled via public service, social media, national and international media. Most of this content is accessed and shared via digital channels, but also via communities, workplaces, and between friends and families living in the same country or abroad. This article presents insights gained from a qualitative study addressing disabled people whose everyday lives have always been characterized by extraordinary circumstances, and continuously so also during the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim was to create an understanding of disabled people’s crisis-specific media practices and their ways of coping with situations caused by the pandemic. Through a national online survey study and workshops, it explores how disabled people experience the pandemic, and how crisis information flows affect trust between authorities and the disability movements. The study should be read in the light of the Swedish Covid-19 strategy, which put a strong emphasis on the individual’s responsibility and that every citizen is expected to follow the recommendations and take precautionary measures to limit the spread of the virus. This approach requires that both public agencies and citizens are capable of  navigating the emerging complex crisis communication landscape and requires them to make responsible decisions and taking relevant measures
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